Centos Linux 维护

一 摘要本文主要介绍centos linux 基础维护二 基础维护2.1 挂载数据盘2.1.1 环境信息操作系统centos 7.9[rootlocalhost ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [rootlocalhost ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: localhost.localdomain Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: 129c3e9f6ff14774bee1238eda65cdd6 Boot ID: b5b77a034d6c4c97af88cdb75bac054f Virtualization: kvm Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64 [rootlocalhost ~]# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) [rootlocalhost ~]#2.1.2 挂盘2.1.2.1 先查看磁盘名称关键[rootlocalhost ~]# lsblk NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sda 8:0 0 100G 0 disk ├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot └─sda2 8:2 0 99G 0 part ├─centos-root 253:0 0 91.1G 0 lvm / └─centos-swap 253:1 0 7.9G 0 lvm [SWAP] sdb 8:16 0 200G 0 disk sr0 11:0 1 4.4G 0 rom /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64 [rootlocalhost ~]#2.1.2.2 parted 分区GPT 格式[rootlocalhost ~]# parted /dev/sdb GNU Parted 3.1 使用 /dev/sdb Welcome to GNU Parted! Type help to view a list of commands. (parted) mklabel gpt (parted) mkpart primary 0% 100% (parted) print Model: QEMU QEMU HARDDISK (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 215GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Disk Flags: Number Start End Size File system Name 标志 1 1049kB 215GB 215GB primary (parted) quit 信息: You may need to update /etc/fstab. [rootlocalhost ~]#parted /dev/sdb 进入partedmklabel gpt 指定分区表为 GPTmkpart primary 0% 100% 创建分区使用 100% 磁盘空间print 查看分区是否成功2.1.2.3 格式化分区xfs分区后会生成 /dev/sdb1[rootlocalhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb1 Discarding blocks...Done. meta-data/dev/sdb1 isize512 agcount4, agsize13107072 blks sectsz512 attr2, projid32bit1 crc1 finobt0, sparse0 data bsize4096 blocks52428288, imaxpct25 sunit0 swidth0 blks naming version 2 bsize4096 ascii-ci0 ftype1 log internal log bsize4096 blocks25599, version2 sectsz512 sunit0 blks, lazy-count1 realtime none extsz4096 blocks0, rtextents0 [rootlocalhost ~]#2.1.2.4 创建挂载目录[rootlocalhost ~]# mkdir /data [rootlocalhost ~]#2.1.2.5 设置开机自动挂载[rootlocalhost ~]# cp -a /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak.$(date %Y%m%d_%H%M%S) [rootlocalhost ~]# echo UUID$(blkid -s UUID -o value /dev/sdb1) /data xfs defaults 0 0 /etc/fstab2.1.2.6 验证及重启[rootlocalhost ~]# mount -a #无报错后可重启 [rootlocalhost ~]# reboot2.2 安装docker2.2.1 环境信息2.2.1.1 操作系统[rootlocalhost ~]# uname -a Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Mon Oct 19 16:18:59 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux [rootlocalhost ~]# hostnamectl Static hostname: localhost.localdomain Icon name: computer-vm Chassis: vm Machine ID: 129c3e9f6ff14774bee1238eda65cdd6 Boot ID: 521420b8b19b406b80973cd45cdfffc8 Virtualization: kvm Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core) CPE OS Name: cpe:/o:centos:centos:7 Kernel: Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 Architecture: x86-64 [rootlocalhost ~]# cat /etc/centos-release CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core) [rootlocalhost ~]#2.2.2 安装docker先卸载然后配置yum最后是安装2.2.2.1 先卸载若机器已有[rootlocalhost ~]# sudo yum remove -y docker \ docker-client \ docker-client-latest \ docker-common \ docker-latest \ docker-latest-logrotate \ docker-logrotate \ docker-engine 已加载插件fastestmirror, langpacks 参数 docker 没有匹配 参数 docker-client 没有匹配 参数 docker-client-latest 没有匹配 参数 docker-common 没有匹配 参数 docker-latest 没有匹配 参数 docker-latest-logrotate 没有匹配 参数 docker-logrotate 没有匹配 参数 docker-engine 没有匹配 不删除任何软件包 [rootlocalhost ~]#2.2.2.2 安装依赖并配置阿里云源2.2.2.2.1 安装必要工具包sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm22.2.2.2.2 添加阿里云 Docker 源sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo2.2.2.2.3 更新缓存sudo yum makecache fast2.2.2.2.3 安装docker-ce2.2.2.3.1 查看可用版本yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r2.2.2.3.2 安装指定版本sudo yum install -y docker-ce-26.1.4 docker-ce-cli-26.1.4 containerd.io2.2.2.4 启动与验证启动设置开机启动并查看[rootlocalhost ~]# sudo systemctl start docker [rootlocalhost ~]# sudo systemctl enable docker Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service. [rootlocalhost ~]# sudo systemctl status docker ● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 一 2026-04-20 17:23:32 CST; 31s ago Docs: https://docs.docker.com